Dried Fish Delights: Exploring Benefits and Availability in Bangladesh’s Culinary Landscape
Dried fish is a highly sought-after delicacy among food enthusiasts worldwide, owing to its excellent taste. With so many different types of fish to choose from, you’re sure to get lost in a sea of satisfaction. While its pungent smell may be unbearable for some, there are many more people who are absolutely crazy about the taste of dried fish.
Throughout history, people have practiced preservation for various reasons, such as ensuring food security or having access to food for an extended period of time. Different preservation methods have been used for different types of food. Fish, which is a significant source of protein, is an essential part of people’s daily diet. It is easily accessible by people of all levels, and therefore, its consumption is higher than other sources of protein. The availability of different types of fish in the world makes it easier to get. People can easily collect fish from canals, rivers, and seas, and they can also cultivate it by constructing reservoirs around their homes. Due to these benefits, the consumption of fish is much higher than other types of protein.
Fish can be obtained from various sources like the sea, rivers, canals, bills, and ponds. Large quantities of fish are also available from reservoirs. People often collect enough fish from these sources for their subsistence or consumption. The fish they obtain is also used to make dried fish.
Dried fish is typically prepared through sun and air drying. In the first step, the raw fish is collected, peeled, and cleaned to remove any dirt. The cleaned fish is then spread out in the sun to dry. During this process, the watery part of the fish is removed. Any material that contains water can easily rot due to the presence of various microbes. However, by removing the watery part, the growth of microorganisms is prevented, and the fish can be preserved for a long time. This formula is commonly used to dry fish, resulting in a product that can be stored and consumed for an extended period.
Dried fish can be prepared either privately or commercially. Many people dry fish for their own consumption after catching it themselves. However, there is also a large industry of dried fish that has developed commercially. Most of these factories are built in areas located along rivers or the sea. The production volume of dried fish is high in these factories, and a variety of types can be observed. This is because dried fish is made with marketing in mind, hence the variety can be observed in these factories.
Dried fish is a popular food item that is available in many countries around the world. However, Southeast Asian countries, particularly Bangladesh, are renowned for their high-quality dried fish. Bangladesh has an abundance of fish in its canals, rivers, and seas, which are used to make delicious dried fish.
The taste of dried fish in Bangladesh is unparalleled. The fish found in the canals and lakes of this country are rare and cannot be found in other parts of the world. The chela and mala fish, which are commonly found in the northern Chalan Bill region, have an extraordinary taste. The availability of these fish sets Bangladesh apart from other countries.
Chalanbil is renowned as the go-to destination for fish in the northern region of Bangladesh. This area encompasses three districts: Natore, Sirajganj, and Pabna. Freshwater dried fish production centers have been established in the coastal areas of these three districts, producing a variety of fish including Puti, Tengra, Mala, Chela, Chang, Batasi, Chapila, Khalse, Taki, Baim, Shoal, Boal, Magur, Shing, and Koi .
Bangladesh has several important coastal areas known for their dried fish production. These include Nazirartek in Cox’s Bazar, Sonadia Island, Shahpari Island, Khurushkul, Teknaf, Ukhia, Maheshkhali, Qutubdia, Sandwip, Banshkhali, Anwara and Sitakund in Chittagong. In the Khulna and Barisal regions, the Sundarbans, Patharghata, Rangabali, Dublar Char, Nijhum Dwip, Charfashion, and Manpura are popular spots for dried fish production.
Some of the famous dried fish available in Bangladesh
Bangladesh is known as a riverine country with innumerable rivers spreading out like nets. The fish caught from these rivers are one of the sources of dried fish. Additionally, the southern part of Bangladesh is covered by the Bay of Bengal, from where a significant amount of fish is extracted. Currently, Bangladesh ranks 5th in the world in terms of farmed fish production. Dried fish is produced from fish obtained from these sources. Here are some popular names:
Mala: Mala is a freshwater fish that is commonly found in Bangladesh. This fish species can be found in various regions of the country, including rivers, canals, banks, ponds, reservoirs, and even low-lying paddy fields. The breeding season for Mala fish is from June to September. It typically grows up to 6-9 meters in length. Many people enjoy consuming this fish because its meat is soft and tender. Due to its delicious taste and high nutritional value, it is highly sought after both domestically and internationally.
Puti: Puntius sophore, commonly known as the Puti fish, is a small freshwater fish that is primarily found in Southeast Asian waters, including Bangladesh, India, and the Maldives. They typically grow to be no larger than 25 cm (10 inches) in size and can be found in canals, banks, rivers, and reservoirs. Due to a decrease in their natural habitat, they are now commercially cultivated in ponds or reservoirs throughout the year. The best time to farm Puti fish is from April to May.
Loitta: Loitta, also known as Harpadon nehereus, is a type of marine fish that is commonly found in the Bay of Bengal, South China Sea, Southern and Indian Oceans. It is a popular food item in various parts of India and Bangladesh. The fish has a cylindrical body with a wide mouth and even teeth, and its lower jaw is larger than the upper one. Loitta is a rich source of fatty acids, omega-3, and protein.
Churi or Ribbon Fish: Churi (Trichiurus lepturus) is a type of marine fish that has a long, ribbon-like body that is compressed on both sides. Its lower jaw has long teeth while the body has no teeth. This fish is very popular among the marine fish found in Bangladesh and has high demand as an export product.
Rupchanda: Rupchanda is a flat-shaped fish with a soft texture. It is highly valued for its delicious taste and is considered superior to other fish varieties. This fish is primarily found in the sea and there are several species of it. However, the white Rupchanda is the most preferred variety due to its commercial value. It is found in both the Pacific and Indian oceans and is rich in nutrients like calcium, iron, phosphorus, and omega-3.
Hilsa: Hilsa is considered one of the most delicious fish globally, whether it’s salted or unsalted. It’s a type of saltwater fish, mainly found in Bangladesh and some parts of India. During the breeding season, hilsa fish move towards the river to lay their eggs. Hilsa from the Padma river of Bangladesh is the most delicious and the largest in size. After harvest, the fish is cleaned, salted, and then sun-dried to make salted Hilsa. Dried and salted hilsa is more nutritious and flavorful than raw hilsha.
Benefits of Dried Fish
Dried fish offers numerous benefits, surpassing those of other food products. It is easy to dry and store, resulting in a lower cost of storage. These reasons contribute to its popularity among preserved food products. Below are some of the uses of dried fish that you should know.
Can be stored for a long time: Dried fish has the significant advantage of being able to be stored for an extended period of time without any maintenance cost. It can be kept at a regular temperature and doesn’t require any special container for storage. Normal poly bags are sufficient for storing dried fish. After preparation, it can last for a long time under standard conditions without any preservatives.
Thin or underweight: When it comes to transportation, dried fish has an advantage over fresh raw fish. Its thin and light texture makes it convenient to transport, saving time and reducing transportation costs. It can be handled like any other regular goods during transportation, without requiring any special measures.
Low maintenance cost: There are no storage costs for dried fish, as it does not require any special equipment or packaging to preserve it. It can be stored in a dry place using normal packaging.
Use as food for other animals: Dried fish can be used as a food source for animals other than humans. Its high protein content makes it an excellent choice for animal feed, and it can be powdered and fed to cows, chickens, and other fish. This makes it a popular choice for animal feed.
Availability throughout the year: Dried fish is a fantastic option for meeting your protein needs all year round, thanks to its long shelf life. It’s particularly useful in situations where fresh fish or meat is not available. The taste of dried fish is just as good as that of fresh fish or meat. Additionally, it can be easily stored at home and prepared whenever needed, making it a convenient and accessible source of protein.
Special recipe: Dried fish offers a wide range of flavors that can be utilized to create unique recipes with different types of fish. Each type of fish has its own distinct taste, and many people in Bangladesh enjoy cooking with dried fish and experimenting with various recipes. If you get the opportunity to try the special recipe of dried fish, prepared by the food enthusiasts of this country, you will be mesmerized by its delicious taste.
Nutritional value of Dried Fish
Dried fish is undoubtedly a rich source of various nutrients and minerals that are essential for a healthy diet. Incorporating it into your meals can help fill important nutrient deficiencies in the body. Let’s take a closer look at some of the key elements found in dried fish.
Protein:
Dried fish is a great source of protein, which is essential for building cells and organs in our body. Protein deficiency can stunt physical growth. In addition to contributing to the structural composition of the body, protein provides energy and performs various biological functions. Thus, eating dried fish can fulfill our body’s protein requirements and support overall health.
Sodium:
Maintaining electrolyte balance is crucial for the normal functioning of the body’s nervous system and other essential functions. Sodium plays a vital role in regulating this balance. Sea-dried fish is a great source of sodium and can help alleviate any deficiencies. Therefore, incorporating it into our diet can be beneficial.
Phosphorus:
Phosphorus is a crucial element in the human body that can be obtained from dried fish. Phosphorus is highly effective in bone formation, maintaining balanced blood flow, preserving DNA structure, and regulating muscle control. Marine dried fish is a rich source of this essential element, making it a valuable option for addressing phosphorus deficiencies in the body.
Potassium:
Consuming this fish can provide our body with a significant amount of potassium, which is a crucial element that helps regulate different bodily functions. It balances acid and alkali levels and controls muscle contraction and expansion. By including this potassium-rich fish in our diet, we can fulfill the deficiency of potassium in our body, and it significantly reduces the risk of kidney stones.
Cholesterol:
Dried fish is safe to eat as it has low cholesterol levels, making it a safer option compared to other foods. By including this fish in your diet you can reduce the risk of various complications associated with high cholesterol levels.
Vitamin B-12:
Vitamin B-12 plays a vital role in the synthesis of amino acids and DNA. It is also highly effective in regulating blood flow and keeping the nervous system healthy. Dried fish is an excellent source of this essential vitamin.
Fiber:
Dried fish is an essential source of fiber, which significantly contributes to digestion and controls diabetes and high blood pressure. Adequate fiber intake is vital, as it helps prevent constipation and ensures overall well-being. Consuming dried fish regularly can help us meet our daily recommended fiber intake and avoid any associated deficiencies.
Cons of Dried Fish
1. As dried fish is processed in the open air, it tends to accumulate a lot of dust and sand particles. Therefore, it is highly recommended to wash it thoroughly before cooking.
2. Leaving dried fish for an extended period of time can create favorable conditions for harmful microorganisms to grow. Hence, it is advised to consume it as soon as possible after purchasing.
3. If you are someone who is susceptible to the negative effects of high protein intake, it is better to avoid consuming this type of fish.
4. A large amount of salt is used during processing. People who are prone to high salt intake, especially those with high blood pressure, should avoid dried fish.
5. People with arthritis problems should avoid this fish.
6. Individuals who are prone to developing kidney stones due to high calcium levels should avoid consuming dried fish.
7. Chemicals are often added to fish in the market, so you should check before buying.
8. Those who want to store dried fish at home should occasionally dry the fish in the sun to remove moisture.
Dried fish is a popular and irresistible food that plays a significant role in various culinary traditions worldwide. Those who have not tasted it are missing out on a delightful culinary experience. In Bangladesh, dried fish has been a common ingredient in dishes since ancient times. As its popularity continues to grow globally, dried fish is becoming a more sought-after export product, strengthening its position in the list of exportable goods.
